hidden Co-operative gardens CO-OPERATIVE GARDENS, noncommercial organizations established in the form of noncommercial partnerships or consumers’ cooperatives (their activity is regulated by the federal laws “On Noncommercial Organizations” of Jan. 12, 1996 and “On Gardening,... more

hidden Drainage network HYDROGRAPHIC NETWORK. Over 19500 rivers and 1800 lakes (Ladoga and Onega being the largest ones) form the H. N. of the Leningrad Oblast. The river network is dense and ramified. One exception is the Izhora Hills where the river network density is... more

hidden Farmsteads FARMSTEADS, settlements (mostly of one homestead), separated into a farm on a plot of land individually owned or used. In the Russian tradition, the term F. as applied to homesteads in Finnish villages of a scattered planning (in particular,... more

hidden Ingermanlandia INGERMANLANDIA (Swed. Ingermanland, Rus. Izhora Land or Ingria), historic and cultural region in the western part of the Leningrad Oblast (Kingisepp, Volosovo, Lomonosov, Vsevolozhsk, Gatchina, Tosno, western part of Kirovsk Districts.) The western... more

hidden Kuznechnoye, urban settlement KUZNECHNOYE, urban settlement in Priozersk District. Population: 5,200. Located in the north-east of the Karelian Isthmus, at the Lake Ladoga coast, near the borders of the Republic of Karelia and Finland. The name was given in 1948. From 1961, K.... more

hidden October Railroad, the OCTOBER RAILROAD, Federal State Unitary Enterprise. Track length: over 10,000 km (in 2003, the operative length of the tracks was 10,143 km, and the total length, 13,168.8 km). Extends across SPb and Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver, Moscow,... more

hidden Parks Park is a specially plan area with artificially planted trees and with the paths, trails, ponds. The first parks on the territory of the Leningrad Oblast were founded in the 18th century. They were part of imperial residences, grand prince... more

hidden People who spend time at their dachas (holiday cottage in the country). Holiday visitors (people who spend time at their dachas, holiday cottage in the country) are seasonal population of settlements and horticultural association . The first dachas (summer country dwellings) appeared in the suburbs of S.Petersburg in... more

hidden Population Population. According to the census of 2002 in the Leningrad Oblast there were 1669,205 thousand people; according to the estimate made on 1 July 2005 there were 1647,6 thousand people including the town dwellers numbering 1093,9 thousand people... more

hidden Resettlements of the 1945 - 1950s Resettlements of the 1945 - 1950s were migrations which were caused by political (eviction of some categories of citizens who were considered as unreliable, including the activities for cleaning up the frontier) and economical (the necessity of... more

hidden Roads ROADS. Historically, the road network in the territory of Leningrad oblast has been developing unevenly: the regions east of the Volkhov River are worse provided with R. because the principal economic, military, and cultural centers have always been... more

hidden Saymensky Canal, the SAIMAA CANAL. Built in 1843-56 to connect Lake Saimaa to the Gulf of Finland. It is situated in Vyborg District of Leningrad Oblast and in Finland. Attempts to build the canal were made in 1499–1511 and in 1607-09. In 1835, a survey was carried... more